Long-term Use of Melatonin Supplements and Health Risks
A review of five years of health records involving over 130,000 adults with insomnia who used melatonin supplements for at least one year revealed increased risks related to heart health.
Key Findings from the Study
- Individuals with chronic insomnia taking melatonin long-term showed a higher likelihood of being diagnosed with heart failure.
- There was an increased rate of hospitalization due to heart failure among these users.
- The study also noted a greater risk of death from any cause in this population.
Context and Presentation
This preliminary study was presented at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2025, held from November 7-10 in New Orleans, a major event for the latest cardiovascular research.
About Melatonin
Melatonin is a hormone produced naturally by the pineal gland to regulate the sleep-wake cycle. Its levels rise at night and fall during the day. Synthetic melatonin supplements, which are chemically identical to the natural hormone, are commonly used to treat insomnia and jet lag.
Supplement Regulation and Availability
Melatonin supplements are widely available over the counter in many countries, including the U.S. However, they are not regulated by government agencies for quality or consistency, leading to variations in strength and purity across different brands.
Melatonin levels increase during darkness and decrease during daylight.
In the U.S., over-the-counter supplements do not require government approval to ensure quality and consistency.
Author's summary: Prolonged melatonin supplement use in chronic insomnia may elevate risks for heart failure and mortality, highlighting the need for cautious use and further research.
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