Cocaine Trafficking Trends and Risks for Commercial Vessels
Rising cocaine production and shifting trafficking routes are posing significant threats to commercial shipping, underscoring the importance of vigilance, preventive strategies, and fair treatment of ship crews.
Current Cocaine Market Overview
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) reports that 2023 is likely a record year for the global cocaine market across production, seizures, and use indicators. Cocaine production is estimated at 3,708 tons, marking an increase of roughly one-third compared to 2022.
This growth largely stems from expanded illegal coca bush cultivation in Colombia. Meanwhile, cultivation areas have stabilized in Bolivia and slightly decreased in Peru.
Major Trafficking Routes
- Main cocaine trafficking routes lead from Andean countries to North America and Europe, either directly or via West and Central Africa.
- Seizure trends and wastewater analyses indicate a dramatic increase in cocaine flows to Europe compared to North America.
- Recent data also suggest cocaine trafficking is expanding into Asia.
Other Drug Production Trends
In contrast to cocaine, production and transport of Afghan opium and heroin remain at their lowest levels since 2001, according to the UNODC.
"Most indicators – production, seizures, and use – point to 2023 being a record-breaking year for the global cocaine market." – UNODC
Author's summary: Growing cocaine production and shifting trafficking routes increase risks for commercial shipping, demanding enhanced vigilance and preventive efforts globally.
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